The numerical control of general accuracy machine tool is changed transform

90 ～ 0.

96; After be like use guide screw nut to be tightened beforehand, can eliminate gap completely, raise transmission stiffness; Attrition resistance is little, have nothing to do with athletic speed almost, the difference that uses static friction power is dinky, can make sure motion is smooth, produce phenomenon of low speed crawl not easily; Wear away long, precision maintains small, life the gender is good. But should notice, as a result of ball guide screw deputy cannot lock up oneself, have reversibility, can be whirligig changeover sharp movement namely, or changeover of will sharp movement is whirligig, because vertical of this guide screw is mixed,tilt when using, should increase device of apply the brake or equalizer. The circumgyrate means of its ball can divide deputy basis of ball guide screw to be mixed for outer circulation inside circularly two kinds, can divide again according to the configuration of nut for double nut and odd nut. Answer to be decided according to particular case and configuration when undertaking transforming, as a result of guide screw of outer circulation type deputy nut is answered bead implement outside nut, damage very easily so and appear calorie of dead phenomenon, and inside of circular type time bead implement in nut deputy interior, nonexistent card dies and fall off phenomenon. Because double nut is assembled not only, tighten beforehand adjust geometric ratio odd nut to go to the lavatory, and its drive tigidity compares it may not be a bad idea of Chan Luo's mother, want structure and machine tool space to satisfy a requirement only so, change in numerical control of general accuracy machine tool in transforming, choose more inside structure of circular type double nut. The diameter of guide screw of each axis ball when transforming is commonly with close of diameter of former T guide screw, the stability that the machine tool of special to having requirement still should fasten according to lever is calculated its are critical rotate speed, decide the diameter of ball guide screw finally. Jump over below the premise of the function after guide screw lead is satisfying a machine tool to transform small, more advantageous to the transmission precision of the machine tool. The transmission precision of the machine tool falls in the circumstance that assures machine tool tigidity, decorate a form to have very big concern with the precision of body of guide screw carbon and bearing, general in general accuracy machine tool the deputy class that choose P4 can satisfy the guide screw in transforming requirement, special and accurate machine tool chooses P3 course taller even. The decorates formal basis to differ need with guide screw deputy common bearing can be divided it is the following kinds, if pursue 1. Graph of deputy bearing of 1 guide screw decorate a form (1) .

Graph 1 - secure for one aspect of the matter in A, one aspect of the matter decorates means impendingly. This kind of carrying capacity that installs means is small, axial stiffness is low, suit only at short guide screw, in the adjusts link or CNC Milling of lifting platform type perpendicular coordinate that is like numerical control machine tool. (2) .

Graph 1 - secure for one aspect of the matter in B, of bearing of one aspect of the matter decorate means. Means of this kind of installation is in more guide screw is longer, the circumstance with higher rotate speed, in suffer when power is greater still must increase horn to contact ball bearing to get an amount, when rotate speed is not high multi-purpose more thrust ball bearing of economy replaces horn to contact ball bearing. (3) .

Graph 1 - C and 1 - means is decorated for what two end secure in D. This kind decorates means guide screw deputy bearing tigidity is best, pass bearing tighten force beforehand beforehand drawing guide screw, in order to reduce effect of guide screw hot metabolic. This kind of means is multi-purpose get a case not quite in guide screw length, but when wanting to notice stiffness of the carrying capacity that increases planar ball bearing, bearing and guide screw are assembled when the design beforehand drawing quantity, can affect bearing life otherwise, because increase load beforehand,also can get not easy control at the same time and increase the add torque of electric machinery. 2) , what slideway of bed of be open to traffic of general of machine tool slideway uses mostly is sliding slideway, its are moved, static friction coefficient is big, meet those who have different rate to wear away after use period of time, maintain a gender to bring very big impact with its to precision of machine tool drive. Because this is opposite,must undertake in the light of state of machine tool slideway necessary overhaul is handled, more serious to wearing away should undertake heavying repair more, undertake grinding namely, quench, stick model, deserve to blow wait for processing, use at the same time lubricate reasonably, assure its precision adequately. 3) , below the premise that the connection of electric machinery and guide screw asks in contented machine tool, to reduce the transmission error that intermediate link brings, we are much electric machinery and guide screw deputy pass shaft coupling direct link, this wants a basis to transform in actual condition will decide. Be like C6116 to small-sized lathe commonly model, because dimensional measure is narrow, especially X axis, electric machinery and guide screw deputy cannot straight couplet, use gear more deputy or synchronous belt is talked come transmission; Be like C6150 to large lathe, lathe bed grows 5 meters lathe, because guide screw is longer, the diameter is bigger, besides the issue that should consider transmission force, consider function of its low speed and the issue that add decelerate inertia to match even, often electric machinery should come through decelerate of a few class transmission. No matter be to use gear or synchronous belt to talk,come transmission, the elimination of its drive clearance is more crucial. Setting method of unoccupied place law of wrong tine disappear, eccentric shafe waits the commonly used method in positive drive a moment, synchronous belt is talked use more in transmission adjust a center to be apart from or unoccupied place law of disappear of Zhang Jin annulus. 2, of main shaft part transforming lathe main shaft to drive workpiece to rotate with different rotate speed is turning treatment is medium advocate motion, use up a machine tool major power. Common lathe by advocate electromotor classics belt-conveyor, gear-box of classics main shaft drives main shaft to rotate, deal with of main shaft box is moved or automatic gearshift is obtained (9 ～ 24) class rotate speed, operate through electromagnetism or hydraulic pressure clutch the gearshift of main shaft and positive and negative turn; And box of main shaft of numerical control lathe adds frequency conversion electric machinery and transducer composition by electric main shaft or unit of traditional and mechanical main shaft. Common lathe turns axle box of original owner of the reservation below circumstance of the much when transforming in numerical control, do not do alter or do less alter. If need to alter,want to notice the following: If original owner axis contains hydraulic pressure to operate,lubricate function, need to be added to its install alone and common electric machinery to try drive, avoid hydraulic pressure system to get advocate electric machinery positive and negative turns or rotate speed alternates and be out of order. If do not need original machine when gearshift shift gears, need main shaft internal gear group secures box to go up in one constant speed catenary, attrition piece also answer lest because be held by accident,make occurrence accident,solder dies. Machine tool whether undertake thread machining is numerical control of main shaft part changes fractional another substantial, when traditional lathe machines whorl, often be will finish through registering round of form, machine what different whorl needs to differ to register round of form, the operation rises very troublesome. Transform a graph the graph is like when coder of 2 main shaft installs a plan 2, we are in normally main shaft extreme or hang round a place add install one photoelectricity coder, its rotate speed and main shaft rotate speed are consistent, main shaft turns a week, smooth code dish turn, the synchronous sex that controls feed axis and main shaft to the system through feedback, machine the whorl that gives good pitch thereby. According to its encode means different, smooth code dish can divide pile up for increment type photoelectricity dish pile up with very form photoelectricity dish, at present home is increment type photoelectricity commonly usedly to pile up dish. Pile up number of dish of on quarter lines to be able to be divided according to photoelectricity wait for 1024 lines, 2048 lines, we can satisfy a requirement commonly usedly for 1024 lines. 3, of tool carrier part transform at present tool carrier of numerical control lathe is dynamoelectric tool carrier basically, its characteristic is fixed position more accurate, rapid. Tool carrier of vintage and traditional lathe is moved for the hand more, of hydraulic pressure drive or little part dynamoelectric, when transforming, can try to change to its according to need. Dynamoelectric tool carrier can be divided turn for horizontal tower tool carrier (install 8 ～ commonly 12 knives) with vertical dynamoelectric tool carrier, dynamoelectric tool carrier has vertical 4 labour (or 6 labour) , among them tool carrier of avery kind of has again carry knife tool carrier (two end age dish) and avoid carry knife tool carrier (3 end age dish) cent. Horizontal turns value of tower tool carrier is relative more expensive, transform middling to use vertical 4 labour dynamoelectric tool carrier. 4, of lubricant part outside transforming vintage and traditional lathe to divide main shaft case, slideway, guide screw deputy, polished rod multi-purpose oil gun is fixed oiling lubricates and grease lubricates, the slideway of this pair of machine tools, guide screw deputy the precision that wait keeps very adverse, the stability that below coequal drive the machine tool moves, flexibility is a few poorer also. Graph of 3 machine tools lubricate to want lubricant to its part to undertake altering accordingly commonly when be transformed to these machine tools, , use rare oily concentration mensurable, time for oil-lubricated means, can divide accuse to lubricate for the hand with process designing automatic embellish changes two kinds, in machine tool slideway, guide screw deputy after decorating good oil path but the basis needs optional a kind. Bearing of guide screw bearing uses grease to lubricate commonly, if special need is mixed,for oil sufficient condition falls to also can be used rare oil-lubricated. 5, after the machine tool defends the machine tool is transformed whole defend substation ministry defends, defend partly and defend completely 3 kinds. Local defend a deputy to guide screw, electric machinery, walk along a line to wait adopt preventive measure. Defending partly is to be in local the protection that cutting increases on defended foundation, add the unit that block bits namely. Defend completely be in namely local try to close to whole machine tool on defended foundation, this kind defends the most unmanageable, the element of the consideration is very much also if install, waterproof, beautiful wait. Real operation rises previously two kinds most, operate the most easily also. 4, machine tool numerical control changes installation of transformed adjustment machine tool, system after each parameter is finished by requirement setting, still need to finish all sorts of movement experiments, function experiment, empty movement, bear to experiment when Electromechanical adjustment, examine machine tool numerical control is changed whether is the requirement satisfied after transforming. 1, the visual examination of the machine tool before checking electrify before empty movement (examination machine tool of each place assemble quality, make they can work normally after electrify) . (1) scale of important and fixed union should close together joint, with 0.

When feet of 03 a place of strategic importance is checked, should insert do not enter, the upright ministry of sliding slideway face is used 0.

Feet of 03 a place of strategic importance checks deepness to be less than 20mm. Scale of important and fixed union is the combinative scale of headstock and lathe bed, turn the combinative scale of base of tower tool carrier and slide, the combinative scale of tailstock body and tailstock motherboard, lathe bed and lathe bed (lathe bed spelling a knot) combine an aspect, the slideway that set steel and foundation combinative scale. (2) each casing reach microscope whether are each athletic components cheered by the requirement, the oily plane in casing is not gotten under oily graticule the following. Whether is there enough cooling fluid in cooling box, the oil level that whether the oil of automatic and hydraulic pressure station, intermittent lubricant device sets to oil level indicator, it is normal that electric equipment controls each switch in box to reach yuan of parts of an apparatus, each are inserted pack integrated circuit board whether to reach the designated position, electrify starts concentration lubricant device makes each lubricant place and lube road are full of lube. 2, all sorts of movements experiment (1) the hand moves an operation to if lathe relies on a hand to move,experiment make X of tool carrier edge, Z is losing directional motion and one-way feed motion. Basically be the accuracy that experiment hand moves an operation, when this function is machining pair of knives more, want to use. (2) the dot moves an experiment to use position in the dot next making tool carrier first slow hind rapid movement, undertake fold alternates. (3) main shaft changes archives experiment main shaft changes block an experiment to be able to press what set in the manual to change shelf statement undertakes. (4) experiment exceeding Cheng each axis does what losing two way to exceed Cheng experiment. The machine tool exceeds Cheng protection to have two kinds, it is protection of software memory limit, another kind of hardware is protected. Performance of condition exceeding Cheng shows to control machine calls the police and have on screen, additionally power source of hydraulic pressure station is cut off. If exceed Cheng protection not to act well, will cause mechanical component damage. 3, the function experiments (1) functional experiment is used key-press, switch, artificial operate undertake to the machine tool the function experiments. The experiment is the flexibility of its movement, smooth the dependability of gender and function. (2) optional rotate speed of a kind of main shaft does main shaft to start, turning, invert, stop (include apply the brake) successive experiment, successive operation not less than 7. (3) main shaft is tall, medium, low rotate speed commutation experiments. The statement cost of rotate speed and difference of indication value allow are ± 5% . (4) optional a kind of feed, will start, feed and stop a movement to be operated continuously, on the overall travel of axis of X, Z, successive charge for the making of sth. makes feed and fast feed test. Quick stroke should be more than 1/2 total travel, direction of positive and negative is operated continuously not less than 7. (5) go up in the total travel of axis of X, Z, do commutation of low, medium, tall feed to experiment. (6) turn tower tool carrier undertakes dislocation of direction of positive and negative experiments with all sorts of dislocation clamp. (7) hydraulic pressure, lubricant, cooling system does test of sealed, lubricant, cool performance, accomplish not leakage. (8) chuck does clamp, loose, flexibility and dependability test. (9) main shaft is done turning, invert, stop to reach trial of rotate speed of commutation main shaft. (10) the shift that feed orgnaization makes low, medium, tall feed and fast feed experiments. (11) the function that has a machine tool with digital control instruction experiments, the dependability of the flexibility of trial act and function. (12) experiment feed coordinate exceeds Cheng, hand to move data input, position to show, answer datum mark, program serial number shows and retrieve, program time-out, program is deleted, flexibility of the dependability of the function such as compensation of position of loop of cutting of loop of linear interpolation, linear cutting, taper cutting loop, whorl cutting loop, circular arc, cutting tool, pitch compensation, clearance compensation, movement. 4, empty movement experiments (1) advocate experiment of athletic orgnaization movement is in not below cutting position, the temperature of time of movement of experiment main shaft changes and hold power for nothing. Machine tool advocate motion is mechanical by low, medium, tall 3 archives rotate speed, step speed changing is time of movement of full rotate speed not less than 2 minutes, in top rotate speed paragraph must not little at 1 hour, make main shaft bearing reachs stable temperature. The temperature that checks main shaft bearing does not exceed 70 ℃ . (2) experiment of successive empty movement dictates with numerical control program all function is done (not cutting) successive movement and turning test. Its campaign time is not more than 15 minutes. Every loop cease jockeys, and imitate pine blocks the job, jockey not to exceed a minute, according to the client diverse demand runs continuously 48h ～ 72h. 5, try cut after in the machine tool each geometry precision satisfies a requirement with athletic precision, should mix by corresponding standard process work from calm standard, with detecting machine tool numerical control turns the treatment performance after transforming. Some besides wanting to have necessary precision work, undertake fixed negative charge experiments even, in order to check the stability of its precision. After each afore-mentioned experiments satisfy a requirement, machine tool numerical control changes the adjustment after transforming to worked to also be finished. CNC Milling